| Cyrillic | Name | Sound | Script Counterpart |
|---|---|---|---|
| Аа | а | a in father | ᠠ |
| Бб | бэ | b in bird | ᠪ |
| Вв | вэ | v in vase | ᠸ |
| Гг | гэ | g in get | ᠭ |
| Дд | дэ | d in day | ᠳ |
| Ее | е | ye in yeah | ᠶᠡ |
| Ёё | ё | yo in yo-yo | ᠶᠣ |
| Жж | жэ | j in jeans | ᠵ |
| Зз | зэ | z in zoo | ᠽ |
| Ии | и | ee in seen | ᠢ |
| Йй | хагас и (half и) | used in diphthongs | ᠢ |
| Кк * | ка | k in kilo | ᠺ |
| Лл | эл | l in law (lateral fricative) | ᠯᠠ |
| Мм | эм | m in modern | ᠮ |
| Нн | эн | n in name or ng in hang | ᠨ |
| Оо | о | o in pond (open) | ᠣ |
| Өө | ө | like German ö or English er in her (closed) | ᠥ |
| Пп * | пэ | p in park | ᠫ |
| Рр | эр | r in rather (rolled) | ᠷ |
| Сс | эс | s in sing | ᠰ |
| Тт | тэ | t in tall | ᠲ |
| Уу | у | oo in cartoon (open) | ᠤ |
| Үү | ү | like German ü or similar to English ew in few (closed) | ᠦ |
| Фф * | фэ, фа, эф | f in find | ᠹ |
| Хх | хэ, ха | ch in Scottish loch or h in horn | ᠬ |
| Цц | цэ | ts in its or like zz in pizza | ᠴ |
| Чч | чэ | ch in cheese | ᠴᠤ |
| Шш | ша, эш | sh in short | ᠱ |
| Щщ * | ща, эшчэ | shch in English Channel | ᠰᠢ |
| Ъъ | хатуугийн тэмдэг (hard sign) | - | ᠢ |
| Ыы | эр үгийн ы (masculine и) | ee in seen | ᠢ |
| Ьь | зөөлний тэмдэг (soft sign) | - | ᠢ |
| Ээ | э | e in met | ᠡ |
| Юю | ю | like the word you | ᠶᠦ |
| Яя | я | ya in yacht | ᠶᠠ |
* Used only in foreign words
Sources:
Classification of Basic Vowels
| Masculine Vowels | Neutral | Feminine Vowels |
|---|---|---|
| а | и | э |
| о | ө | |
| у | ү |